Introduction:Organic nitrates and nitrites have been used in the treatment of angina for well over 100 years. In 1857, inhalation of amyl nitrite, a volatile liquid and known...

Most drugs are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and because of the convenience, orally administered drugs are widely used over injectable preparations. Some drugs like benzylpenicillin or insulin...

Introduction:During pregnancy the mother and the fetus form a non-separable functional unit. Maternal well-being is an absolute prerequisite for the optimal functioning and development of both parts of...

IntroductionA growing number of pharmaceutical products are available on the world market and there has been an increase, both in the consumption of drugs, and in expenditure on...

Drugs are an essential component of health care delivery. When used rationally, they produce the desired effect of improving patients ailments. Their irrational use on the hand leads...

IntroductionThe liver is the principal organ of metabolism in the body although other sites are involved such as the gut wall, kidney, skin and lungs. Drug metabolism, by...

Introduction: Until 150 years ago, all medicines were derived from natural substances. Most of these early medicines were described under the broad heading ‘herbs’ although that term was...